Autonomous Tennis Ball Picker Robot

Autonomous Tennis B in all Picker RobotThe basic purpose of this send is to provide opportunity and benefit to the sports players. They cigargont do to a greater extent practice in less time with the help of this robot. Various different electronic devices were utilize to pick the lawn tennis lout or any other crank. It is not so easy for any tennis player to pick a ball lot of times during practice. It affects his practice and time.Autonmous tennis ball picker robot will save the time of a player. He can do more than practice in less time. This robot is not just now for a tennis player .it is easy to use and cost effective. Our initiation is not only for tennis, it can also be apply in other sports involving balls of similar size.Chapter 1 IntroductionIn the tennis and sports equipment market, there are very a couple of(prenominal) advanced electronic devices assisting in the feeding and woof of tennis balls or any other kind of balls. Tennis players do not prefer pickin g up over five hundred balls after a long days worth of drilling, or a baseball player would not obligate intercourse picking up over five hundred baseballs on the ground from batting practice. As a result, our solution is an autonomous ball-picker device that is easy-to-use and cost-effective. Our design can be used for a variety of sports besides tennis, involving balls of similar size and weight.Chapter 2 Lit seasonture ReviewThis Chapter is a review of the digestground material. This includes comparison of previous(prenominal) devices used for same purpose. it also includes the way how this robot is more effective then previous.?Chapter 3 Modeling and DesignThis Chapter describes the modeling of different parts of our robot. And all the various otherDesign decisions and selections made throughout the course of the project.Chapter 4 Experimental setupThis Chapter describes in detail the techniques used in our robot. It contains the detection of the ball, design of user inter face and all other aspects of the project.Chapter 5 Results and DiscussionThis chapter provides a result of the project in which the key points of the project areDiscussed and any unique(predicate) conclusions are drawnChapter 6 RecommendationThis chapter is an analysis of the project in terms of overall performance and working. It also contains overview and recommendation of expertsChapter 1Introduction professed(prenominal) tennis matches can last upward of 3 hours, often with little more than 10 minute of rest in-Between sets .The need to train for such(prenominal) endurance matches becomes difficult without a partner ofAdequate skill. For decades, tennis players have been using mechanical tennis ball launching machines to train without the need of a partner.Therefore, it is determined that using current technology, a player will spend 35%of the total time collecting tennis ball, and not training. This is a expectant proportion of the time, and needs to be reduced to truly em ulate a tennis match. There are certain method of automatically collecting tennis ball ,as will be investigated in section 3 Proposed Solution ,but the e are not portable, and require extensive modification to the tennis court.1.1 call for AssessmentThere is a need to improve upon the experience of the solo practice sessions of ball sport athletes by Extending the du proportionalityn of consecutive shots, kicks or shudder of the soloist through the conception of a ball-gathering system that operates while the solo athlete is in practice. Current practice session duration are limited by the number of balls initially loaded into the automatic ball launchers .At the end of practice sessions, or during intermissions, the ball must be manually picked up. Existing automatic ball return systems are not portable and cannot be used in conventional courts.1.2 Goal StatementThe solution shall serve as a tool around to improve the solo practice experience by gathering stray balls in Convent ional practice environments and returning them to the user, or a more preferable location. The System shall also be relatively portable, and address the need of requiring manual collection of stray balls Following each practice session.1.3 Human Controlled Manual tone armHuman get a lineled manual pickup involves the use of a tool such a those seen in Figure 1 Manua TennisBall Collection utensil .This type of solution require the user to top hi /her training session in orderto both collect the ball and load them back into the launching device. This solution will score well in thearea of cost and port competency, but will obviously rank very low in terms of speed.LITRATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionAny mechanical device which can be programmed to perform a number of tasks involving manipulation and movement under automatic control. The term robot suggests a machine that has a human standardised expression. A robot is a system that has sensors, control system, manipulation part supp lies and softwares that work unitedly and perform a task. Designing, building, programming and testing a robot is a combination of physics, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, structural engineering, mathematics and computing. A study of robotics direction that students are actively engaged with all of these disciplines in a deeply problem-posing problem-solving environment.A robot has these essential characteristicsSensingFirst of the robot should have an ability to sense its surroundings. It would not sense in that we sense our surroundings.MovementA robot needs to be able to move around its environment. Whether rolling on wheels, walking on legs or propelling by thrusters a robot needs to be able to move. To count as a robot every the whole robot moves, like the Sojourner or just parts of the robot moves, like the Canada Arm.EnergyA robot needs to be able to power itself. A robot might be solar powered, electrically powered, battery powered. The way your robot gets i ts energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.IntelligenceA robot needs some kind of smarts. This is where programming enters the pictures. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its smarts. The robot will have to have some way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.2.2 HistoryA robot is a virtual or mechanical artificial agent. In practice, it is commonly an electro-mechanical machine which is guided by computer or electronic programming, and is thus able to do tasks on its own. Another common characteristic is that by its appearance or movements, a robot often conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own.The beginning of the robots whitethorn be traced to the Greek engineer Ctesibius. In the 4th century BC, the Greek mathematician Archytas of Tarentum postulated a mechanical steam-operated bird he called The Pigeon. Hero of Alexandria (10-70 AD), a Greek mathematician and inventor, created numerous user-configurable automated devices, a nd described machines powered by air pressure, steam and water.In the 3rd century BC text of the Lie Zi, there is a curious account on automata involving a ofttimes earlier encounter between King Mu of Zhou (Chinese emperor 10th century BC) and a mechanical engineer known as Yan Shi, an artificer. The latter proudly presented the king with a life-size, human-shaped figure of his mechanical handiwork made of leather, wood, and artificial organs.Al-Jazari (1136-1206), a Muslim inventor during the Artuqid dynasty, designed and constructed a number of automated machines, including kitchen appliances, melodic automata powered by water, and programmable automata. The robots appeared as four musicians on a boat in a lake, entertaining guests at royal drinking parties. His mechanism had a programmable drum machine with pegs (cams) that bumped into little levers that operated percussion instruments. The drummer could be made to play different rhythms and different drum patterns by moving t he pegs to different locations.2.3 Modern era evolution in robotics technologyIn these days robotics technology has progressed much more than early nineteenth century. Many new technologies have been invented. Robots are used in many fields as discussed below2.3.1 Industrial robots (manipulating)An industrial robot is officially defined by transnational Organization for Standardization (ISO). The International Organization for Standardization gives a definition of a manipulating industrial robot in (ISO 8373).Which isAutomatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more then three axes which may be either resolute physically or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The typical applications of industrial robot are wilding painting, assembly, pick and place, packaging, product inspection, testing, all accomplished with gritty endurance, speed, and precision.2.3.2 Service robotMost commonly the industrial robots are physicall y fixed and have manipulators and robotics arms for the production and distribution of goods. The International Federation of Robotics gives the definition of service robot which isThe service robot is a robot which operates semi or fully automatically to perform services useful to the well being of humans and equipment, excluding manufacturing operations.2.3.3 Military robotsThe robots are also used for military purpose. Such types of robots are autonomous or remote controlled robots. There have been some developments towards developing autonomous fighter jets and bombers. The use of autonomous fighters and bombers to destroy enemy targets is especially shiny because of the lack of training required for robotic pilots autonomous planes are capable of performing maneuvers which couldnt otherwise be done with human pilots.2.3.4 Mobile robotThese types of robots have efficacy to move around in their environment, they are not fixed to the physical location. The best example of the mo dern robot that is commonly used in these days is Automated Ground Vehicle (AGV). An AGV is a mobile robot that follows markers or wires in the floor, or uses vision or lasers. Mobile robots are also ready in industry, military and security environments. They also appear as consumer products, for entertainment or to perform certain tasks like vacuum cleaning.2.3.4.1 ClassificationsA mobile may classified byThe environment in which they travelHumanoid.Autonomous underwater vehicles.Unmanned aerial vehicles.The sources they use to move mainly areHuman like legs.Wheeled robots.Tracks.2.3.4.2 Mobile robot navigationThere are many types of mobile navigation.2.3.4.3 Manual remoteThis type of robot is totally under control of a person with the help of some joystick or with the help of any other controlling device. The device may be plugged flat into the robot, may be a wireless joystick.2.3.4.4 Line-following robotSome of the earliest Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) were line following mobile robots. They might follow a visual line painted or embedded in the floor or ceiling or an electrical wire in the floor. Most of these robots operated a simple keep the line in the center sensor algorithm.Mathematical modeling3.1 Modeling of structure(2)Where b is the damping forceWe also know thatb = rolling resistance + air dragRolling resistance = mgAir drag = dA (V+V)So we getb = mg + dA (V+V)Where = air densityCd = air resistanceA=front resistance coefficientV=vehicle speedV= qualifying wind velocityWe know that the driving force is given asWhereT = torque = transmission coefficientir = over all gear ratiord = radius of tireat once put driving force in comparison (2)We know thatT=KtiPut in above equationNow Take LaplaceBy taking common=3.2 DC Motor Speed ModelingWheree =back emfsoPut in equation (1)By taking Laplace. (1)WhereWhereK=constanti=armature currentPut the revalue of T in above equationTake LaplacePut value of from equation (1)Material useWe are using aluminum due to following propertiesaluminum is a very light metal with a limited weight of 2.7 g/cm3, about a third that of steel.the use of aluminum in vehicles reduces dead-weight and energy consumption while increasing load capacityAluminum is ductile and has a low melting point and densityDc motorWe are using power window motor due to high torque because in this motor worm gears which is best for producing very much torque and sufficient speedDesign