Ways of the World Essay Example for Free

Ways of the globe EssayThe Reemergence of a Unified china1. What are some of the causes that allowed Buddhism and Daoism to creep into China? 2. In what way did the Sui Dynasty unify China from 589-618? 3. Discuss the ways in which the Tang and Song Dynasties were regarded as the Golden season of Chinese Achievement. CulturallyPoliticallyEconomically4. In what ways did womens lives change during the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties?China and the Northern Nomads A Chinese World Order in the Making 5. Why did the Chinese interact with their nomadic neighbors to the north?6. Even though China saw itself as the center of the world, why did it allow itself to deal with the barbarians?7. Why did the Chinese government often give other states gifts that were in fact worth more than the tribute those states paid to China?8. Who were the Xiongnu, the Uighurs, the Khitan, and the Jurchen in relation to the Chinese ? XiongnuUighursKhitan and Jurchen9. Did the Chinese conver t large numbers of the northern nomads to Chinese cultural ways? Why or Why non?Coping with China Comparing Korea, Vietnam, and Japan10. In what political, economic, and social ways did Korea, Vietnam, and Japan experience and respond to Chinese influence? 11. Whats the significance of the Trung Sisters in Vietnam? 12. In what different ways did Japanese and Korean women experience the pressures of Confucian orthodoxy (practices, beliefs)? 13. Why didnt the Japanese succeed in creating an effective centralized and bureaucratic state to match that of China? China and the Eurasian World Economy14. What techniques or technologies did China export to other regions of Eurasia?China and Buddhism15. Between 300 and 800 C.E., what helped to relieve the acceptance of Buddhism in China? 16. What were the major sources of opposition to Buddhism in China?

Autonomous Tennis Ball Picker Robot

Autonomous Tennis B in all Picker RobotThe basic purpose of this send is to provide opportunity and benefit to the sports players. They cigargont do to a greater extent practice in less time with the help of this robot. Various different electronic devices were utilize to pick the lawn tennis lout or any other crank. It is not so easy for any tennis player to pick a ball lot of times during practice. It affects his practice and time.Autonmous tennis ball picker robot will save the time of a player. He can do more than practice in less time. This robot is not just now for a tennis player .it is easy to use and cost effective. Our initiation is not only for tennis, it can also be apply in other sports involving balls of similar size.Chapter 1 IntroductionIn the tennis and sports equipment market, there are very a couple of(prenominal) advanced electronic devices assisting in the feeding and woof of tennis balls or any other kind of balls. Tennis players do not prefer pickin g up over five hundred balls after a long days worth of drilling, or a baseball player would not obligate intercourse picking up over five hundred baseballs on the ground from batting practice. As a result, our solution is an autonomous ball-picker device that is easy-to-use and cost-effective. Our design can be used for a variety of sports besides tennis, involving balls of similar size and weight.Chapter 2 Lit seasonture ReviewThis Chapter is a review of the digestground material. This includes comparison of previous(prenominal) devices used for same purpose. it also includes the way how this robot is more effective then previous.?Chapter 3 Modeling and DesignThis Chapter describes the modeling of different parts of our robot. And all the various otherDesign decisions and selections made throughout the course of the project.Chapter 4 Experimental setupThis Chapter describes in detail the techniques used in our robot. It contains the detection of the ball, design of user inter face and all other aspects of the project.Chapter 5 Results and DiscussionThis chapter provides a result of the project in which the key points of the project areDiscussed and any unique(predicate) conclusions are drawnChapter 6 RecommendationThis chapter is an analysis of the project in terms of overall performance and working. It also contains overview and recommendation of expertsChapter 1Introduction professed(prenominal) tennis matches can last upward of 3 hours, often with little more than 10 minute of rest in-Between sets .The need to train for such(prenominal) endurance matches becomes difficult without a partner ofAdequate skill. For decades, tennis players have been using mechanical tennis ball launching machines to train without the need of a partner.Therefore, it is determined that using current technology, a player will spend 35%of the total time collecting tennis ball, and not training. This is a expectant proportion of the time, and needs to be reduced to truly em ulate a tennis match. There are certain method of automatically collecting tennis ball ,as will be investigated in section 3 Proposed Solution ,but the e are not portable, and require extensive modification to the tennis court.1.1 call for AssessmentThere is a need to improve upon the experience of the solo practice sessions of ball sport athletes by Extending the du proportionalityn of consecutive shots, kicks or shudder of the soloist through the conception of a ball-gathering system that operates while the solo athlete is in practice. Current practice session duration are limited by the number of balls initially loaded into the automatic ball launchers .At the end of practice sessions, or during intermissions, the ball must be manually picked up. Existing automatic ball return systems are not portable and cannot be used in conventional courts.1.2 Goal StatementThe solution shall serve as a tool around to improve the solo practice experience by gathering stray balls in Convent ional practice environments and returning them to the user, or a more preferable location. The System shall also be relatively portable, and address the need of requiring manual collection of stray balls Following each practice session.1.3 Human Controlled Manual tone armHuman get a lineled manual pickup involves the use of a tool such a those seen in Figure 1 Manua TennisBall Collection utensil .This type of solution require the user to top hi /her training session in orderto both collect the ball and load them back into the launching device. This solution will score well in thearea of cost and port competency, but will obviously rank very low in terms of speed.LITRATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionAny mechanical device which can be programmed to perform a number of tasks involving manipulation and movement under automatic control. The term robot suggests a machine that has a human standardised expression. A robot is a system that has sensors, control system, manipulation part supp lies and softwares that work unitedly and perform a task. Designing, building, programming and testing a robot is a combination of physics, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, structural engineering, mathematics and computing. A study of robotics direction that students are actively engaged with all of these disciplines in a deeply problem-posing problem-solving environment.A robot has these essential characteristicsSensingFirst of the robot should have an ability to sense its surroundings. It would not sense in that we sense our surroundings.MovementA robot needs to be able to move around its environment. Whether rolling on wheels, walking on legs or propelling by thrusters a robot needs to be able to move. To count as a robot every the whole robot moves, like the Sojourner or just parts of the robot moves, like the Canada Arm.EnergyA robot needs to be able to power itself. A robot might be solar powered, electrically powered, battery powered. The way your robot gets i ts energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.IntelligenceA robot needs some kind of smarts. This is where programming enters the pictures. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its smarts. The robot will have to have some way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.2.2 HistoryA robot is a virtual or mechanical artificial agent. In practice, it is commonly an electro-mechanical machine which is guided by computer or electronic programming, and is thus able to do tasks on its own. Another common characteristic is that by its appearance or movements, a robot often conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own.The beginning of the robots whitethorn be traced to the Greek engineer Ctesibius. In the 4th century BC, the Greek mathematician Archytas of Tarentum postulated a mechanical steam-operated bird he called The Pigeon. Hero of Alexandria (10-70 AD), a Greek mathematician and inventor, created numerous user-configurable automated devices, a nd described machines powered by air pressure, steam and water.In the 3rd century BC text of the Lie Zi, there is a curious account on automata involving a ofttimes earlier encounter between King Mu of Zhou (Chinese emperor 10th century BC) and a mechanical engineer known as Yan Shi, an artificer. The latter proudly presented the king with a life-size, human-shaped figure of his mechanical handiwork made of leather, wood, and artificial organs.Al-Jazari (1136-1206), a Muslim inventor during the Artuqid dynasty, designed and constructed a number of automated machines, including kitchen appliances, melodic automata powered by water, and programmable automata. The robots appeared as four musicians on a boat in a lake, entertaining guests at royal drinking parties. His mechanism had a programmable drum machine with pegs (cams) that bumped into little levers that operated percussion instruments. The drummer could be made to play different rhythms and different drum patterns by moving t he pegs to different locations.2.3 Modern era evolution in robotics technologyIn these days robotics technology has progressed much more than early nineteenth century. Many new technologies have been invented. Robots are used in many fields as discussed below2.3.1 Industrial robots (manipulating)An industrial robot is officially defined by transnational Organization for Standardization (ISO). The International Organization for Standardization gives a definition of a manipulating industrial robot in (ISO 8373).Which isAutomatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more then three axes which may be either resolute physically or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The typical applications of industrial robot are wilding painting, assembly, pick and place, packaging, product inspection, testing, all accomplished with gritty endurance, speed, and precision.2.3.2 Service robotMost commonly the industrial robots are physicall y fixed and have manipulators and robotics arms for the production and distribution of goods. The International Federation of Robotics gives the definition of service robot which isThe service robot is a robot which operates semi or fully automatically to perform services useful to the well being of humans and equipment, excluding manufacturing operations.2.3.3 Military robotsThe robots are also used for military purpose. Such types of robots are autonomous or remote controlled robots. There have been some developments towards developing autonomous fighter jets and bombers. The use of autonomous fighters and bombers to destroy enemy targets is especially shiny because of the lack of training required for robotic pilots autonomous planes are capable of performing maneuvers which couldnt otherwise be done with human pilots.2.3.4 Mobile robotThese types of robots have efficacy to move around in their environment, they are not fixed to the physical location. The best example of the mo dern robot that is commonly used in these days is Automated Ground Vehicle (AGV). An AGV is a mobile robot that follows markers or wires in the floor, or uses vision or lasers. Mobile robots are also ready in industry, military and security environments. They also appear as consumer products, for entertainment or to perform certain tasks like vacuum cleaning.2.3.4.1 ClassificationsA mobile may classified byThe environment in which they travelHumanoid.Autonomous underwater vehicles.Unmanned aerial vehicles.The sources they use to move mainly areHuman like legs.Wheeled robots.Tracks.2.3.4.2 Mobile robot navigationThere are many types of mobile navigation.2.3.4.3 Manual remoteThis type of robot is totally under control of a person with the help of some joystick or with the help of any other controlling device. The device may be plugged flat into the robot, may be a wireless joystick.2.3.4.4 Line-following robotSome of the earliest Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) were line following mobile robots. They might follow a visual line painted or embedded in the floor or ceiling or an electrical wire in the floor. Most of these robots operated a simple keep the line in the center sensor algorithm.Mathematical modeling3.1 Modeling of structure(2)Where b is the damping forceWe also know thatb = rolling resistance + air dragRolling resistance = mgAir drag = dA (V+V)So we getb = mg + dA (V+V)Where = air densityCd = air resistanceA=front resistance coefficientV=vehicle speedV= qualifying wind velocityWe know that the driving force is given asWhereT = torque = transmission coefficientir = over all gear ratiord = radius of tireat once put driving force in comparison (2)We know thatT=KtiPut in above equationNow Take LaplaceBy taking common=3.2 DC Motor Speed ModelingWheree =back emfsoPut in equation (1)By taking Laplace. (1)WhereWhereK=constanti=armature currentPut the revalue of T in above equationTake LaplacePut value of from equation (1)Material useWe are using aluminum due to following propertiesaluminum is a very light metal with a limited weight of 2.7 g/cm3, about a third that of steel.the use of aluminum in vehicles reduces dead-weight and energy consumption while increasing load capacityAluminum is ductile and has a low melting point and densityDc motorWe are using power window motor due to high torque because in this motor worm gears which is best for producing very much torque and sufficient speedDesign

Social Issues In Sport

Social Issues In SportSociology is the study of how society is structured and how people experience life through its processes, instantaneously or indirectly. A basic understanding of affable issues helps us to learn how these processes affect us in everyday life. Discussing mixer issues in sport foundation help us understand divergent sociological concepts and opinions of sport in society. These sociological perspectives can help explain the underlying reality of sports organisations, participation barriers, form on sport performance, and how to develop strategies to deal with companionable complexities. Such concepts include that of availableism, figuration, curriculum and Bourdieu, contest and Marxism. Functionalism is a perspective that examines society through a functional framework which stresses that everyone and everything, no matter how seemingly harmful or out of place, serves a purpose. Society is looked at on a macro scale so it generalises ideas toward the who le of society. For example they look at what education does for society as a whole not save certain people in society. Functionalists similarly believe that society is based on consensus or agreement that we are exclusively brought up to agree on how to be pass water and what values are decent and wrong. Functionalism could be describe as the most generalized of the sociological perspectives. It does not distinguish betwixt cultures and it cannot effectively explain change. It also assumes that all social groups good equally from sports. The functionalist viewpoint is a distinct contrast to that of figuration.Figuration is a sociological concept that believes everyone is linked in groups of interdependence, such as schools, families and in the workplace. Sports games are seen as microcosms of social life. For example, a basketball match is in a constant state of flow, with ongoing tests of physical and mental balance between opponents. It suggests mogul exists unless through interconnected relationships and that a stronger competitor still needs weaker opposition to be successful. Due to a more increasingly complex society, there is a greater need for social interdependency, therefore continuing the civilizing process. Unlike the Bourdieu theory, where there are distinct divisions between social severalizees.The Bourdieu theory of class and classification evaluates the social world and expresses the division between classes, age groups and the sexes. It believes there is a highly complex trunk of social positions, structured and disturbing for the ultimate goal of oblige over capital. The field is a competitive system of social relations in an area or place where there is a struggle for powerfulness between the dominant and subordinate classes. Capital may be categorized as social, cultural or scotch. This sociological concept also explains the use of habitus, a conscious or unconscious train of thought stemming from social origins. It influenc es the look we act by our common preconceptions. Were it not for the influence of Pierre Bourdieu, the notion of class would be given surprisingly little individual attention in the sociology of sport. In contrast to this perspective, there is the theory of Conflict which resembles some of the conceptions of figuration.Conflict theory and Marxism is a structural sociological hypothesis, structural meaning that our actions are determined by social forces and structures. Conflict theory explains society as a fight for authority, linking groups that are struggling for limited capital. Karl Marx was the socialist thinker tramp conflict theory. He believed that capitalism would in imputable course be overtaken by communism. This redness based theory suggests that the social classes in spite of appearance society are in a constant fight to gain capital, and that the more powerful groups, normally high class, use that power to exploit those with less power, usually the lower working c lass, in a bid to stay in admit. This will now be discussed further, as a more detailed explanation into Marxism and Conflict theory will be given.Karl Marx is best cognise as a philosopher, a ultra communist and a social scientist (Burke, 2000), whose works inspired the foundation of many communist regimes in the twentieth century. He believed that capitalism would ultimately be replaced with communism, a classless, stateless society. He thought that society consisted of dickens interconnecting parts infrastructure and superstructure, each playing there part in the process. Infrastructure includes and signifies all the power of production. This includes method of production, labour force, the logical and physical abilities of workers and the organization of social classes. Infrastructure interlocks with superstructure, which is the foundation, and which refers to the different forms of societal consciousness, such as ideology, religion, philosophy and the governmental structu re. As Coakley (2002) reiterates, bolshy theory focuses on sparing activities and relations, the infrastructure, and their impact on social entrys, such as politics and culture, the superstructure. redness theorists assume that social development is initiated through economic processes, in particular, any change in the system of production. The economic conditions of capitalism involuntarily generate social economic conflict between the owners of production and the workers this is known as the class struggle for power. Marx believed that this exploitation would become conscious to the working class and unite the people, resulting in the elimination of the class struggle. Marx saw the upward rally of the working class as the driving force of its own freedom. It would be this working class, created and organized into an industrial workforce that would overcome its domination and lead in a society liberated from exploitation and oppression. What the bourgeoisie consequently would produce would be its own downfall (Burke, 2000). In his disapproval of the plight structure and the bankers acceptance of the working class to live with it, Marx explained the need for false consciousness, used by the Bourgeois class and how social life influences consciousness. What Marx meant by this is that the ruling capitalisticic class within society reap the benefits because it is very one sided.Antonio Gramsci was one of the first Marxist theorists to work on the problems of major change in twentieth century western society and to recognize the importance of the battle against bourgeois values, such as an ideological cultural struggle (Burke, 1999, 2005). Marx claimed that one way to help melt the stranglehold of the bourgeois on the proletariat was to remove control over education. He assumed that education had been used to reinforce class consciousness and the capitalists system of production and with power wrested from the bourgeoisie, the proletariats position would t hen be reinforced by the promotion of proletarian ideology through education (Carr, 1972). Marx felt that education, as a social institution that imparts values, and by the introduction of free education, this would guarantee a distribution of cultural opportunity. Therefore, no longer would education support class distinctions and capitalist ideology, although in todays society it does still happen, with private schooling available to those with greater economic capital.One of the main topics within the study of Marxism is the thought that all social changes result from conflict between existing classes in society. Marxists believe that the main ideology of each society is the ideology of the ruling class. Marx believed that this concept could be use throughout all of history and would continue to exist, ultimately resulting in a proletariat revolution and the abolishment of all classes. Burke (2000) suggests that what Marx brought was to recognize that the existence of classes was make due to the production or economic structure and that the proletariat, a new working class that capitalism had shaped, had a historical capability in destiny toward the collapse of all classes and to the construction of a classless social order, resulting in the creation of communism. Berger (1982) also shows that history is based on unending class conflict just as Marx stated. In contrast to this view, Boyne (2002) suggests that class appears to be less noticeably determinant of social action now than was the case just a quarter of a century ago, and that it has however been overtaken in the ranks of social structural influences by ethnicity, economic geography and gender. Marxs view was complete economic sight. The two classes mystify interests in common therefore they are in conflict with those of a whole other class. This is turn leads to conflict between individual members of different classes (Berger, 1982). In addition, Marx did not recognise other systems of classifi cation. The Marxs perspective only views the classes between employer and employee as a substantial system of classification, and others like religion, race, and nation, are not included. The reasons behind this being that, Marx believed these social influences were not natural or useful to humans.It is in the relationship between work and sport that socialist sport theorists draw a strong association. A basic physical relationship is seen between work and sport, in so much that fundamental forms of work activity are tell in the motor lawsuits of sport. Although the technical development of society is now at a stage where elite sport as a preparation for fat work is no longer necessary in the manner that Marx envisaged it, the approach supporting the relationship between production and sport still exists even though a certain degree of independence is now granted to sporting activity. Through these similarities, sport was used as a capitalist control tool. As shown by Delany T an d Madigan T (2009), Karl Marx said that religion is the opiate of the masses, this is fashion that Marx saw religion as a way of dulling the pain of reality by boost a feeling that no matter how oppressed of unfulfilled the working class may be, there will be a joyous hereafter for those who endure such inequalities on earth. Since then, a Marxist perspective from Hoch (1972) said that, Five generations ago, Karl Marx called religion the opiate of the masses. Today that role has been taken over by sports. He suggested that people were more come to by baseball and football scores than the Vietnam War at the time. Both views relate, as both are social institutions within society, and the realisation that sports is in the age of the spectator and consumer, giving an escape from reality that some people crave during everyday life.The bourgeois as a social class, is defined by Marx as those with ownership of capital and power. Therefore, they do not agree with the Marxism concept, si mply because a communist society would not be sound to them in anyway, showing that those with power and influence do not wish to share or lose it.Sport, just like society, is an ever changing institution that has grew and moved on with the times. Sport is not the same kind of activity in the advanced capitalist societies of the late twentieth century as it was in the pre-capitalist societies of the seventeenth century. As Jones (1988) states, in the proterozoic stages of industrialisation sports was a diversion, but more than that, it was linked to rules and hierarchies of an established social order, as well as ofttimes a release from them. The society reinforcing sport was very different to todays democratic interests and commercialised lifestyle. By the twentieth century football has become structured and pacified, condescension the hooligan element. It has become a spectator sport, controlled on a national basis and is a fundamental aspect of todays consumer culture. It is a necessary distraction in their lives. For millions of people, participation in sport offers an escape from the hard work of everyday life, and something that they benefit from. For many others, watching sport live or more so these days, on television, gives both a release from workday stresses and allows a straightforward and easy identification with sports athletes or sports clubs which offer them satisfaction in their lives.Football related to disorder, or what it is more commonly known as, football hooliganism, is a kind of behaviour ranging from verbal abuse and aggressive posturing through to rioting and even murder. Such things have been a regular topic of many books, DVDs, web sites, digital games, features films and documentaries in the UK over the last two decades. Although this subject has been portrayed in many ways in recent history, it is a very real concept, and can be explained by many theorists relating to sociological issues. As shown by (Dunning, E. Murphy, P. Wi lliams, J. 1986) the early works of Ian Taylor, from a Marxist point of view, states that the rise of the football hooligan stems from the boursification and internationalisation of the game, and that clubs used to be the working mans voice or resistance movement against the middle class groups seeking to gain control and to implement their middle class values on society. It was believed that spectacularisation of the game through pre match shows, better seating room and increased commercialisation alienated the working class fans. A largely similar approach was developed by Clarke (1978), he repugnd that hooliganism originated in the way in which the traditional forms of football watching encounter the professionalization and spectacularization of the game, saying it was a consequence of the changing relationship of its audience and the game. He also believed that due to some sub cultural differences, young working class males needed to resolve essential conflict in their lives, so in turn get hold of hooliganism.Over recent years, professionalism has been increasingly associated with sporting organisations. Clubs and sporting organisations moldiness perform well financially, or at the very least remain viable, if they want to sound in the highly competitive world of commercialised sport. Elite sport has developed into a business that demands nothing less than specific, professional preparation. As Shilbury and Deane (2001) suggests, institutions must now conform to commercial process of professionalism, which give emphasis to minimalist inputs, business decision making and a keen awareness of the financial interests of the shareholders.Wilson. B (2007) argues that sport has become increasing globalised and transnationalised to a point where it is possible to analyse a team or individual athlete from any country in the world and be constantly updated of their activities, even from the side of the planet. He also points out the effects that it has on the s port related cultures around the world, not to honorable mention the increasingly realized potential and means of promotion of a capitalist agenda. This shows the capability of the media and the internet to internationalise or globalise almost any brand, allowing a capitalist ideology to be explored globally.In sport today there is an unhealthy and unequal distribution of resources, this can easily be seen when comparing economic growth between sports in Britain. For instance, football in Britain far exceeds any other sport in economic growth and in media insurance coverage. You only have to look at the sports section in almost any newspaper in the UK, to see that is dominated by football. This is especially true when you consider the issue of games broadcasted across television and the increasing need for internet streaming, all of which results in a huge financial difference between football and other sports in the UK.Burke (1999, 2005) suggests that Gramsci identified two rath er distinct forms of political control, domination and hegemony. The domination refers to direct physical force by authorities, and hegemony, which referred to both ideological control and more importantly, consent. He assumed that no rule, regardless of how authoritarian it might be, could sustain itself continuously through state power and force. In the long run, it had to have popular support and legality in order to maintain stability. Even in real life today, the capitalist governing body are urgently seeking a revival to the current economic crisis, and are looking to economic business for recovery. As Woods (2009) proposed, the governing class are concerned about the social and political effects of the economic situation. Thats why they invest huge sums of money into the economy, which creates exceptionally large levels of debt. As people know, sooner or later these debts must be repaid, and that in itself is a recipe for an enormous crisis in the future.The theory of class c onflict explains the human social history between two classes, the exploiting and the exploited. As Marx explained, in the interests of the bourgeois, ownership of the means of production enables them to employ a system of exploitation to a large mass of wage workers, the proletariat, and usually out of necessity the workers go along with this system as they have no means of livelihood other than to sell their labour to the property owners. Marxists argue that new wealth is created through work, therefore if someone gains wealth that they did not work for, and then someone else has to work for it and they do not receive the exuberant wealth created by their work. In other words, that someone else is exploited. This is how the capitalist bourgeois might turn a large profit by exploiting workers. An example of this is shown in work by Hickman (2010) where it is suggested that many of todays top brands such as Nike, Puma and Adidas, were found to be exploiting low wage labour workers from developing countries to a means of economic production. This can also be shown in sport through the form of child labour, which gained a lot of attention recently when extensive media coverage reported that sporting goods manufacturers were using underage child labour in a range of developing countries, the children were paid much less than the minimum wage and were used to manufacture footballs and football merchandise. The news was extremely damaging to the sporting goods industry, especially because the children would never have the chance to use any of the equipment manufactured in the factories. This evidence shows that children are being openly exploited in the sports industry and that large divisions of the industry remain unregulated. As shown by Keys (2010), child exploitation has been ongoing since the late eighteenth century, just to sustain the capitalist class and produce their economic surplus value.The theory of Marxism does contain strengths and weaknesses in re lation to todays society. As is derived from Marxist principles, the increase in production in all areas of socialist life is extremely important to the success of socialism. Physical education contributes effectively towards increasing the sum of money work output of the socialist community. The progressive development of socialism depends upon the socialist consciousness of each individual. Sport provides a good means for the development of political assurance because of the possibilities it provides for social training. Marxism can be also be viewed in a good light simply because some people, like to know there place in society as it gives them a sense of the order of things, it also gives good opportunity for personal growth. Although, the Marxist concept does show a number of weaknesses, especially as some of their views may be outdated in todays society. The industrial proletariat described by Marx is undeniably a imperil species, particularly in western societies, in which heavy manual labour is increasingly a thing of the past. To the extent that most adults can be described as workers in terms of their relationship to the means of production, Marxs original understanding of the idea of a working class becomes less tenable. Students relate how their parents have worked all their lives. That they also earn large amounts of money and acquire considerable social status from their occupations, so this does not necessarily invalidate the claim that they are, workers. The Marxist perspective also ignores the possibility that spectatorship or participation in sport can empower individuals within capitalist societies. Furthermore Marxism only gives an exclusive focus on economic factors and underplays the significance of non economic types of conflict, for example gender, race, age, sexual orientation and ethnicity.

Change Management Proposal For Parkway Nursing Care Management Essay

diverseness trouble Proposal For Parkway Nursing C ar Management EssayPark way nursing is also a telephone circuit and, like every other(a) furrow, it needs good management to keep it running smoothly. .The occupation, medical and health services manager encompasses all individuals who plan, direct, coordinate, and supervise the delivery of healthc atomic number 18. Medical and health services managers include specialists and generalists. Specialists be in charge of specific clinical departments or services, while generalists manage or t able-bodied service to manage an entire facility or system. The structure and financing of healthcare is changing rapidly. Future medical and health services managers mustinessiness(prenominal) be nimble to deal with evolving integrated healthcare delivery systems, technological innovations, an increasingly complex regulatory purlieu, restructuring of mold, and an amplifyd focus on pr returnive care. They will be called upon to modi fy efficiency in healthcare facilities and the attribute of the healthcare provided. Increasingly, medical and health services managers will act as in organizations in which they must optimize efficiency of a variety of interrelated services.The healthcare professions all involve life and death situations. In these situations, quality is crucial and quantity is irrelevant, health care is continually changing in the way health care professionals like individual practitioners and clinical managers organize and deliver care to the patients. For this reason, health care knowledge must continuously grow and expand to keep health care approaches relevant, current and leave. Without bleak knowledge, health care professionals cannot improve techniques for therapies and even management.2 observe ResultsSurvey results suggesting that No of patients going up but the ply members quantity are still the same. The stave member having plenty of problems like injuries, incidents, absences. L ots of this problem indicates that AI is not good for the company. Hospital view as rounding is a matter of major concern because of the effects it can have on patient risklessty and quality of care, members are worried because management only focuses on expand the profession, but they couldnt able to balance the ratio between staff member and patients. If the management doesnt able to manage staff properly then the problem drives. The concern is reliable things cant calculate like caring of the patients, feelings, divine service, and relationship etc. The management should be develops service unit goals identifies, plans, and coordinates juvenile programs reviews policy and procedure manuals to assure that they are current provides expert nursing consultation to staff, patients and public monitors and evaluates patient care for ethical, legal, and safe conduct ensures proper and safe functioning of unit equipment and promotes individual and environsal pencil eraser resolv es patient care problems and provides direct patient care. The Nurse Manager makes concluding decisions regarding operations of work unit and defers to an administrative superior regarding policy decisions with broad impact or agency-wide scope.Problems IdentificationParkway having sufficient problem with staffing injuries, patients satisfaction, communication, absences, incidents with patients, many staff are dissatisfied with their line of works, shifting problem, filteretc the most common problem are follows supplyingParkway focuses on filling the beds.Quality and service dropStaff and patients injuries confabulationNo of patients are increases but no extra staff.No Increment no bonus.Physical DemandNeed to recruit strong new staff who can lift the patients easilyFemale nurses troubling to lift male patientsAble to push the Beds, gurneys, and wheelchairsCommunicate face to face with individualsRead, write, speak and visualize the English languageDocumentation (Electronic)Gove rnment requirementStaff has to learn new thingsA medical record should accurately reflectElectronic health records systems can also provide additional functionality, such as interactive alerts to clinicians, interactive flow sheets, and tailored order sets, all of which cant be through with(p) be done with paper-based systems.TrainingFocus on filling bedsShortages of staff but no of patients increaseManagement always need big businessNot enough motivationNot enough staffChange Management StrategyAny nature of business employees is a most all-important(a) additions this is why they created the Human Resource department. Its end is to manage, train and look after the workers of the business. It is also their responsibility to implement health and safety legislation at work and look after the employees. There are many roles that this department manages these ultimately help the business to obtain its objectives. These include Manpower planning. Recruitment and selection. Induction and knowledge. promotion and transfers Appraisal and termination of employment Rewards and conditions of employment. Working conditions. Career development and welfare. Wage bargaining and disputes. An effective and efficient business manages their employees or human resources well. The better this is done, the more(prenominal) the workers will be happier, better motivated, more productive and more responsive.Forms of resistance lead must come from the top level.Not enough staff against increase patient staff has to work long hours.Focus in the profit never increase staff position can worse.Documentation (Electronic) old staff using manual, if you go for new electronic system the old staff do not want to use new system.Patient staff injuriesAbsents. fortress in ParkwayPeople feel unsecure with their job.People not willing to take on additional responsibilitiesLack of communication with management.Nurses not willing to let go of the bond that they have developed with the patients. Overcoming the resistancesImprove the working environment.Train new people (if recruit new staff) and current staff too.Implement supporting (electronic)Communicate with the current employee thats if they start new training is good for them once they know job is safe for them resistance ratio will come down. study to reduce injury to patients as well as staff.MotivationImplementation Our methods use several basic principles. You are always the loss leader we only facilitate. When facilitating, demonstrating and precept we use examples from our personal experience. If an exercise or workshop is needed you do not perform theoretical exercises. You will use actual live situations in your own organization.Here are some of the exercises that can be use in Leadership ImplementationSurvey You identify the areas which will get mixed bag by change in the implementation in the first step. We conduct a survey that will reveal to you the size of challenge you face in implementation. It in cludes essential information for successful implementation identification of supreme/negative attitudes that will help or hinder critical tasks to make it happen, milestones that must be met and much other data for a successful plan.Breakthrough This exercise focuses you on the one or two key elements that block the implementation. Once identified, we help you break through the blocks so that the implementation proceeds smoothly and quicklyStart Event This facilitated event is designed to reach your message and the essential step for a successful implementation. The earshot is all the people that will implement or be stirred by the process. The feeling of commitment out of this event is profound and without parallel in conventional training.Strategy Event Strategy for implementation is required at many disparate levels. There is the overall chieftain strategy. There are also mini-strategies within it. The most important are the many mini-strategies that departments, work-grou ps and individuals must use to adapt from their current state to the new process. The techniques used in this event make sure that they are comprehensive, pertinent to the master strategy, and truly implementable.Change Event Most people are familiar with the Change Curve that describes the inevitable stirred up reactions people experience before they finally accept and embrace a change. yet how to straighten it? Or how to compress it? whatsoever analogy you use, the techniques used here help people move through the Change Curve as quickly as possible. This accelerates the benefit of the implementationCommunication Plan A well executed communication plan is critical to the success of a new project. These techniques help you identify what must be communicated, how, the audience and the best methods.Executive Coaching One of our central competencies is Executive Coaching. It covers CEOs and all other executive levels. What sets our method apart is its focus on rapid results. sr. e xecutives do not have time for multiple-year codependent therapy-like coaching relationships. The market environment rewards or punishes quarterly. Our method is attuned to this requirement for speed.The above examples are illustrative of some of our Leadership Implementation services. They can be used singly, such as Executive Coaching, or in combination for a full-fledged implementation of a new process, project, program or corporate culture change. Our Facilitators are experienced, trained and sensitive to the dynamics of group meetings. Their participation in your implementation will help you achieve optimum results fast. Implement your project by contacting us at the phone, e-mail or address below.Creating a leading strategyStrategic lead provides the vision, direction, the purpose for growth, and context for the success of the corporation. It also initiates outside-the-box thinking to generate early growth. Strategic leadership is not close micromanaging business strategi es. Rather, it provides the umbrella under which businesses devise appropriate strategies and create value.Review the business strategyLeaders play a critical role during change implementation, the stay from the announcement of change through the installment of the change. During this middle period the organization is the most unstable, characterized by confusion, fear, loss of direction, reduced productivity, and lack of clarity about direction and mandate. It can be a period of emotionalism, with employees grieving for what is lost, and initially unable to look to the future.In addition to forecast and amiability, the characteristics that leader must have are ability to recognize employees talents, the know-how to make teams work and an open mind.Leadership does vary to some extent as per the positions i.e. it may be slight different for manager and different for a union leader but the basic qualities of leadership does not change.1. Good communication acquisitionCommunication is the key to be a great leader. The reason for this is simple if he possesses the other nine leadership qualities but if he fails to communicate well, he will never be great leader.What he can do is communicate with others in the organization about what IT can do to move the company forward. In other words, good communication is the key for developing good business relationships. If he cant establish a good business working communicate how IT can add semipermanent value to the company. The modern leaders must therefore be equipped with good communication skill and use new ways to do effective communication.2. HonestyThe most valuable asset of a leader is honesty. He must be honest with both his employees and the management committee. Another part of his features is integrity. Once a leader compromises his or her integrity, it is lost. That is mayhap the reason integrity is considered the most admirable trait. The leaders therefore must keep it above all else.3. Visionary outlookLe adership qualities are different for different position. For a CIO he must be thinking for stabilizing the current business and always looking for future scope of expansion. He has to be able to look beyond where we are today, know where the business is going, and be able to use that vision to move the company forward. Being able to do this is a rare skill indeed.4. SelectingagoodteamA good CIO although he possesses sound technical skills he assures that the team he selects is efficient enough to back up any skill he lacks. Choosing the best people for such team is a skill. A CIO after all is a human being and does not have answer for everything. But by working together he creates an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect the team then always start the best solution.5. Action speaks louder than wordsManagers must be able to put aside their concerns to listen to (and appear to listen to) those around them. As a result, they come know what is going on, and know what is both said, and said between the lines. They have the knack of appearing to know what people need even if those needs are not verbalizeed directly. However, knowing what is going on, and identifying the needs of those around them is not sufficient. The responsive manager also acts upon that knowledge, attempting to help fulfill the needs of employees, superiors, etc. antiphonary managers wield influence to solve problems for those around them, often before even being asked.6. Ability to motivate people arounda good leader must always keep motivating his team mates for good work and should maintain healthy environment. He must give first antecedence to safety of workers and see that they are not exploited by superiors.7. ConsistencyLeadership effectiveness is impossible without consistency. Every leader has an approach that is unique to them. Dont change your personal style radically after all it got you in a leadership position. Modify the rough spots but take care not to confound your staff by displaying inconsistency. Your expectations, though subject to modification based on ever-changing business needs, should remain as constant as possible. The business world is confusing enough without you adding unwelcome surprises into the mix. Keep things simple and consistent.8. Ability to stand against criticsas the success rate increases your critics multiply and become louder. Come to peace with the fact that you will always have a camp of people who critique every decision you make. They are generally the ones who are excellent problem-identifiers instead than problem-solvers. Develop your skills of repelling such critics so that they do not diminish your confidence or enthusiasm.It takes focus and confidence not to be adversely displaceed by criticism. Strong leaders learn the art of listening to critics, but ultimately making decisions for the good of the department, not to simply please the critics.Identify the device driver of strategyManagement should introduce differ ent types of elements.Focuses on customer.More opportunityImprovementAssess current leadership situation compare to the craved futureIn current leadership situation in Park way asking following quotationsWhat leadership skills and perspectives are critical for success now and in the future?How strong are current leaders in these critical skills and perspectives?How aligned is todays leadership strength with what will be the most important skill and perspectives in the future?Desire future in ParkwayChange of environmentStrong leadershipSolution for staffCommunicationRecruitment and trainingSecurityGrowthRecommended leadership styleThere are many kind of leadership style .some are as followsAutocratic leadershipbureaucratic leadershipCharismatic leadershipDemocratic leadership or participative leadershipLaissez-faire leadershipPeople-oriented leadership or relations-oriented leadershipServant leadershipTask-Oriented leadershipTransactional leadershipTransformational leadershipFor Pa rkway recommended leadership style should be Charismatic leadership because Parkway having a serious problem with communication Charismatic leadership style can seem similar to transformational leadership, because these leaders inspire lots of enthusiasm in their teams and are very energetic in driving others forward. However, magnetised leaders can tend to believe more in themselves than in their teams, and this creates a risk that a project, or even an entire organization, might pass on if the leader leaves. In the eyes of the followers, success is directly connected to the presence of the charismatic leader. As such, charismatic leadership carries great responsibility, and it needs a long-term commitment from the leader.Leader behaviors of Home DirectorsBehavioral theories focus on how leaders behave..Common Behaviors are(1) Creating a leadership platform(2) Becoming the principal-learner and principal-teacher about leadership(3) Affirming and teaching the powerful roles of org anizational beliefs, vision, andMission.(4) Leading and modeling reciprocity of accountability(5) Building collegiality around problems of practice(6) Emulating the actions of successful coaches(7) Developing the cultural collar and affirmation that leadership and growth bring discomfort.(8) Developing a sense of professionalism throughout the organization consistent with professionalism as demonstrated in and expected of other learned professions.Leadership behavior of supervisorTHE SUPERVISORS ROLESupervisors have a general legal duty to take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances to protect workers.In addition, they have the following specific duties outlined in the Act and regulations.Supervisors must be familiar with the provisions of the Occupational Health and asylum.Supervisors must be knowledgeable about potential or actual health and safety hazards in the workplace and advice workers about these hazards.Supervisors must ensure that equipment materials and prot ective devices required by regulation are provided to workers and maintained in good condition.Supervisors must ensure that workers follow workplace procedures and use protective equipment required by the University or by any applicable regulations.Supervisors must provide information, instruction and supervision to a worker to protect the health or safety of the worker.Supervisors must ensure that subordinate supervisors have or acquire knowledge of the Supervisors must ensure that an up-to-date inventory is maintained of all designated substances, hazardous materials and hazardous corporeal agents present in the workplace.Supervisors must ensure that all hazardous materials present in the workplace are identified and labeled. Supervisors must ensure that material safety data sheets are readily available for all hazardous materials present in the workplace.Supervisors must ensure that workers exposed to a hazardous material or hazardous physical agent receive and participate in pr escribed instruction and training.Supervisors must ensure hazardous materials present in the workplace are disposed of in the manner prescribed by University procedures and applicable regulations.In the case of a workplace injury, supervisors must ensure that prompt medical prudence is provided and must report the circumstances of the injury to the Office of Environmental Health and Safety within 24 hours.Job speech pattern in Parkway study stress is the harmful physical and emotional response that occurs when there is a piteous match between job demands and the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker. arly Warning Signs that head with workplace stress is becoming difficult for an employee are Headache,Upset stomach,Sleep problems,Irritability and short temper,Difficulty in concentrating,Job dissatisfaction,Low morale, etcSource of StressJob stress comes in many different forms and affects your body in various ways. Minor sources of stress may include equipment that wont work or phones that wont quit ringing. Major stress comes from having too much work, not having enough work, doing work that is unfulfilling, fearing a job layoff, or not getting on with your boss.Usually it is the major sources of stress that lead to burnout, causing people to become unhappy and less productive in their work. Job stress can affect your health and home life as well. Low levels of stress may not be noticeable slightly higher levels can be positive and challenge you to act in creative and resourceful ways and high levels can be harmful, contributing to chronic disease.According to the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), these are job conditions that may lead to stress..The design of tasks. Heavy workload, infrequent rest breaks, long work hours and shift work hectic and bend tasks that have little inherent meaning, do not utilize workers skills, and provide little sense of control.Management style. Lack of participation by workers in deci sion-making, poor communication in the organization and lack of family-friendly policies.Interpersonal relationships. Poor social environment and lack of support or help from coworkers or supervisors.Work roles. conflict or uncertain job expectations, too much responsibility, too many hats to wear.Career concerns. Job insecurity and lack of opportunity for growth, advancement, or promotion rapid changes for which workers are unprepared.Environmental conditions. Unpleasant or dangerous physical conditions such as crowding, noise, air pollution, or ergonomic problems. Action RequireControl This actor is the most closely related to job stress. Studies show that workers who believe that they have a great deal of responsibility but little control or decision-making power in their jobs are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and other stress-related illnesses.Increased responsibilities. Giving on additional responsibilities to the staff job can be stressful. This can be worse i f your staff have too much work to do and they are unable to say no to new tasks or projects.Competence. Are your staffs concerned about their ability to perform well? Are they challenged enough, but not too much? Do your staff feel secure in their job? Job insecurity is a major source of stress for many people.Clarity. Feeling uncertain about what their duties are, how they may be changing, or what your departments or organizations goals are can lead to stress.Communication. Workplace tension often results from poor communication, which in turn increases job stress. An inability to express your concerns, frustrations, or other emotions can also lead to increased stress.Support. Feeling unsupported by to your staff may make it harder to resolve other problems at work that are causing them stress.Significance. If your staff dont find their job meaningful or take pride in it, they may find it stressful.Stress Management plan-Emotional stress usually occurs in situations people conside r difficult or challenging. Different people consider different situations to be stressful.Physical stress refers to a physical reaction of the body to various triggers. The pain experienced after surgery is an example of physical stress. Physical stress often leads to emotional stress, and emotional stress often occurs as physical stress (e.g., stomach cramps).About to reduce stress of staff Parkway should follow .Improve environmentOrganize get to gather for staffCelebrationLaughterTime managementSome form of physical exerciseSharing and connecting with your support net income on a regular basisAttention to good diet and healthy nutritionRegular time set aside on a daily basis to unwind relaxA repertoire of leisure activitiesRegular sleep and restSome employers assume that stressful working conditions are a necessary evil-that companies must turn up the pressure on workers and set aside health concerns to remain productive and profitable in todays economy. But research findings challenge this belief. Studies show that stressful working conditions are actually associated with increased absenteeism, tardiness, and intentions by workers to quit their jobs-all of which have negative effects on the come home line.ConclusionA nurse is someone who basically takes care of the people. They are in charge of the welfare of their patients who are recovering from sickness and disease. They work with a health team which specializes on this matter. They are usually tasked to work with a doctor to ensure the proper medication and care is given to their patients.Since nurses are a part of the medical team, they too can work in the research orbit. They can contribute to the existing knowledge about nursing. Of course, nursing is also a science and nurses just do not do what the doctor tells them to do. Research s something which should be done continuously, so working in the research field is always in demand.Nurses are the workhorses of any hospital or health care facili ty. They are the ones who care for the patient taking vital signs, recording symptoms, tolerant medicine, bathing and comforting, moving the patient from place to place, and making sure the patient is getting everything that is needed to help them get well. Some nurses can prescribe certain medications, just like doctors. Nowadays, you are more likely to receive medical care from a nurse than from a doctor, since nearly all doctors offices have nurse practitioners who can do almost anything the doctor would do.Implicit rationing of nursing care is an important newly identified organizational variable reflecting processes in bully care nursing and appears to be directly linked to patient outcomes. Rationing offers promise as a measure of the impacts of staffing and the quality of the nurse practice environment on patient outcomes. As an indicator of the understudied processes of care affected by organizational conditions in hospitals, measures of rationing could assist in building theory in this area of outcomes research. Rationing levels, analyzed alongside other data, may help health systems and hospitals determine the minimum staffing and skill mix levels necessary to achieve desired patient outcomes and inform administrative decisions and policy.

Ethical Issues Raised by Data Mining Essay -- Databases Technology Com

Ethical Issues Raised by Data Mining Data mining is the practice of gathering data from various sources and manipulating it to provide richer discipline than any of contributing sources is able to do alone or to produce previously unknown information. Businesses and governments share information that they have collected with the purpose of cross-referencing it to specify out more information about the people tracked in their databases. Data mining has many benefits. Stores are able to stock merchandise that break away reflects what customers want. When Victorias Secret started tracking user purchases they noticed that customers in Miami bought much more white lingerie than customers in other areas. As a result they began stocking more white products instead of uniformly stocking all stores benefiting both the store and the customeri. Another benefit is that it allows companies to consolidate data from many different sources so that more time can be spent analyzing data than finding it in the first place. This is useful for companies that have multiple financial systems and spend a lot of time trying to combine data into a more useful format rather than doing the actual analysis of the data. A more striking example is that some say that 9/11 could have been prevented if the FBI had better data mining tools to share and combine information from different officesii. In attachment to crime prevention and financial analysis the medical research community can use these techniques in medical research to identify trends and causes of disease.Along with the numerous benefits data mining also has a downside. Combining data from various sources can result in revealing information people would consider personal and woul... ...ade Commision, The Fair Credit baseing Act (Washington, DC GPO, 2004) 46.xiv Tavani, Herman T., Privacy and the Internet Ethics and Technology Conference, Boston, MA, 5 June 1999. (Boston College Intellectual Property Forum, 2000) h ttp//www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/law/st_org/iptf/commentary/xv D1 Consulting, Report on Double Click, 2003, University of Southern California, 7 June 2004 xvi Tavani, Herman T., Privacy and the Internet Ethics and Technology Conference, Boston, MA, 5 June 1999. (Boston College Intellectual Property Forum, 2000). xviiEuropean Parliament, Official Journal of European Communities, deal of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (Brussels, Belgium 2000) 10. xviii Federal Trade Commission, Privacy Online A Report to Congress (Washington, DC GPO, 1998) 3.

Coping with Grief :: essays research papers

Coping With TragedyThe recent incidents of terrorism have shocked, saddened and angered the nation, and leftfield many peopleboth those directly and indirectly affectedwondering how to deal with the aftermath of such tragic events. This digest offers tips and information on winning care of yourself, succoring others cope and talking to your children about violence.Reactions to a Traumatic EventDisasters such as the terrorist attacks that occurred today can result in extremum emotions including stress, helplessness, fear, irritability, anger, depression and grief. Although every sensation deals with trauma and stress differently, there are some common reactions, includingRecurring thoughts or nightmares about the event worry sleeping or changes in appetiteAnxiety and fear, especially when exposed to events or situations reminiscent of the trauma whole tones of depression, sadness and having low energyMemory problems including difficulty remembering aspects of the traumaDifficulty focusing on work or daily activitiesSpontaneous crying, feelings of despair and/or hopelessnessAvoiding activities, places or even people who remind you of the eventFeeling emotionally numb, withdrawn, disconnected or different from othersFeeling extremely protective of, or fearful for, the safety of loved onesIf you or a loved one are experiencing extreme symptoms of stress, depression, grief or anger, consult a professional such as your doctor or Employee Assistance Program (EAP) immediately for help (Magellan LifeResources can be reached at 866/266-2376). Additionally, many temporary shelters offer free counseling services to victimsor referrals to professionals who can provide further assistance. In addition, ensure the following tips Reach out to supportive friends and family for comfort and guidance. Be patient and give yourself plenty of time to recover and rest.Try to maintain a nourishing diet to keep your energy up. Focus on your breathingdeep, slow breaths will help calm you. Keep in mind that emotional and strong-arm reactions to a traumatic event may not appear immediately. Sometimes they may appear hours, days or even weeks or months after the event. The signs and symptoms of a stress reaction may last a few days, a few weeks, months or possibly longer depending on the severity of the event. According to the American Psychological Association, individuals who are unable to regain control of their lives, or who experience the symptoms above for more than a month, should consider seeking professional mental health assistance.How Children React to TraumaHow a child responds to a tragic event will vary depending on a childs age, personality and adulthood leveland how directly he or she was involved with the tragedy.

Comparative Elegies~Similar or Different? :: essays research papers

An elegy is a poem of lament, usually formal and sustained, over the death of a particular soul also, a meditative poem in plaintive or sorrowful mood. Through an elegy authors are able to convey their deepest remorse and grief done the eloquent use of the English language. Three elegies in which show the possible interpretations and moral convictions of death are lament for Jane, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, and A Satirical Elegy. Janes unfortunate death in an equestrian accident prompted one of her professors, the poet Theodore Roethke, to write a moving poem, "Elegy for Jane," recalling his young student and his feelings of grief at her loss. It is very interesting that Janes death is not the subject of the poem rather, her death presents an occasion for calling up a certain emotional state in which Roethkes feelings of grief and pity transcend the occasion. This spiritual epitaph is laced with imagery painting an extremely vivid picture addicted the details about her image. Roethke associates the deceased with elemental aspects of nature--the plant tendrils, the pickerel smile, trembling twigs, whispers turning into kissing etc. His lines create an amazingly tranquil atmosphere. Her voice is described as if it were perfectly toned touching everyone that crosses her path of wind. Roethke compares Jane to a wren, a sparrow, a pigeonall birds which draw forth an emotion. Birds naturally symbolize peace, freedom, and love. The wren represents joyful times, the proud moments in Janes life the sparrow however usually represents those who feel they are not worth anything and pigeons I personally think are unoriginal birds.Elegy for Jane is not the only elegy which incorporates nature into its meaningful lines. An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard by Thomas aged is a similar elegy to Elegy for Jane in that it incorporates mother nature and the animal which is most unique to herthe bird The breezy call of incense-breathing morn,The swal low twittering from the straw-built shed, The cocks vociferous clarion, or the echoing horn, No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed. Not only are these elegies similar because of their richness of the language and comparative nature with the right(prenominal) world but also in that it mourns the death not of great or famous people, but of common men. The speaker of this poem sees a realm churchyard at sunset, which impels him to meditate on the essence of human mortality.